中文摘要：

组织病理学高危因素是视网膜母细胞瘤（RB）眼球摘除术后组织病理学检查的核心内容.RB组织病理学高危因素预示患者术后具有较高的肿瘤扩散和转移风险,需要在术后进行全身辅助性化学治疗.因此,RB组织病理学高危因素可为临床医师确定治疗方案提供重要依据,同时也是相关临床研究确定标准的重要基础.本文重点讨论评估RB组织病理学高危因素的方法、临床特征能否预测RB组织病理学高危因素、RB组织病理学高危因素评估对经眼动脉化学治疗的提示作用等问题,提出了评估RB组织病理学高危因素的重要性,以期引起临床关注.

英文摘要：

Histopathologic high risk factors are core content in the histopathologic examination of enucleated retinoblastoma.Histopathologic high risk factors indicate that the patient has high risk of tumor spreading and metastasizing and should be given systemic adjuvant chemotherapy.Therefore,histopathologic high risk factors can provide important basis for clinicians to determine treatment plan and serve as the important foundation for clinical trials and studies to validate the proposed criteria.The focus of our discussion includes three aspects as follows.How to evaluate histopathologic high risk factors？ Can clinical characteristics be used to predict histopathologic high risk factors？ Do histopathologic high risk factors have any hint for intra-arterial chemotherapy？ The importance of evaluating histopathologic high risk factors in retinoblastoma is emphasized in this article.