中文摘要：

城市是在物质与精神、科学技术与人文文化、城市本体与自然环境、创造者（人类）与被创造者（城市）等诸多相反相成的方面相互作用、不断变化而又不断相互适应的过程中形成的。在诸多复杂的现象中，我们也逐渐认识到不同城市类型产生的原因往往不止一个，而且所有的一切都是相互影响的，都是“联合因素”作用的结果。文章力求“历史化”地对待问题，以技术与文化关系更迭的历史分期为基础，根据历史与哲学相结合的部分观点，将城市形态的发展和演变划分为四个阶段：自然组织发展阶段、文化组织发展阶段、技术组织发展阶段以及双向组织发展阶段，以此作为基础建构城市形态的双向组织设计的思想及维度，并为今天的城市与建筑设计指明方向。

英文摘要：

The city comes into being under the course in which many opposite complements such as material and spiritual, science ＆ technology and literary culture, urban identity and natural environment, creator （human） and creation（city） etc. are interacting, evolving and inter-adapting. In a lot of complicated phenomena we gradually realize there is usually not only one reason of different city types coming into being. Everything is interacting as the result of combination factor action. The essay tends to treat things historically, based on technique and cultural relations alternation historical phase, and based on some views of history and philosophy, and divides urban morphology development and evolvement into 4 phases, natural organization and development phase, cultural organization and development phase, technical organization and development phase, bidirectional organization and development phase. Based on it, this paper constructs the bidirectional organization design ideas and dimensions of urban form, and points out the direction about urban design and architecture design today.