中文摘要：

开采诱发的冲击地压活动与区域应力场之间存在着密切相关关系，为探究冲击地压孕育过程中相关区域岩体内部应力场的演化机制及灾害发生前兆信息，研究将钻孔应变观测技术首次应用到矿山动力灾害监测中，并采用分形盒维数定量分析钻孔应变数据时程变化特征及其与冲击地压的相关关系。结果表明，钻孔应变观测技术应用到矿山动力灾害监测中，可直接、准确地记录冲击地压发生前后区域内岩体的应变微动态变化过程；运用分形方法处理具有固体潮趋势背景的钻孔应变数据简单而有效，分形盒维数可量化评价应变数据的复杂变化和固体潮畸变异常程度；钻孔应变数据的分形盒维数时程变化，定量表征了冲击地压的非线性时空演化过程，可将盒维数的“升高→降低”变化作为冲击地压发生的前兆判据。

英文摘要：

There is a close relationship between the movement of rock burst and the regional stress field. In order to explore the evolutionary mechanism of the stress field of rock body in the related area and the precursory information of the disasters. The borehole strain observation technology was firstly applied in the monitoring of dynamic disasters in mines. The changing characteristic of borehole strain data and its correlation to rock burst are also analyzed quantitatively by using fractal box dimension. The results show that borehole strain observation technology is applied in the monitoring of dynamic disasters in mines, which can directly and accurately record the dynamic changes of rock mass in the region. It is simple and effective to deal with the borehole strain data in the background of the trend of solid tide by using fractal method. Fractal box dimension can be quantified to evaluate the complicated changes of the strain data and the extent of distortion of solid tide. The nonlinear space-time evolution process of rock burst is quantitatively characterized by the change of fractal box dimension of borehole strain. The up to down of box dimension can be regard as a precursory characteristics of rock burst.