中文摘要：

以弱胶结围岩条件下马头门为工程背景,采用岩石力学实验、理论分析和数值模拟等技术手段,研究了主应力大小和方向对马头门顶板、底板和两帮围岩变形规律的影响及最大主应力区的分布特征。研究结果表明：随？和H的增加,马头门围岩的最大位移值和应力扰动区深度呈线性增加,围岩变形受侧压力系数影响程度表现为两帮〉底板〉顶板;马头门布置最危险的走向并非与最大水平主应力垂直,而夹角？在20°与60°时马头门顶板围岩应力集中系数最大,夹角？=0°时,马头门围岩相对最稳定,围岩变形量受夹角变化影响程度表现为顶板〉底板〉两帮;马头门围岩变形、应力分布及应力集中程度受马头门断面形状的影响显著,夹角？与应力集中系数呈非线性关系。根据研究结果对马头门的支护结构进行设计优化。

英文摘要：

With the engineering background of ingate in extremely weak cementation stratum, through such technical means as rock mechanics, theoretical analysis and simulation analysis, at the influence of the principal stress size and direction on the deformation law of the ingate roof, floor and the both sides of the surrounding, as well as the distribution features of the maximum principal stress were studied. The results have shown that with the increase of ？ and H, both the maximum displacement value and the depth of stress perturbation district of the ingate surrounding rock increase linearly, and the degree surrounding rock deformation is influenced by coefficient of lateral pressure goes from largest to smallest in both sides, floor and roof; in ingate arrangement the most dangerous trend does not go perpendicular with the direction of maximum horizontal principal stress, and instead when ？ is between 20° and 60°, the ingate roof surrounding rock stress concentration coefficient reaches its maximum; when is 0°,ingate rock is relatively the most stable; the degree of surrounding rock deformation is influenced by the change of angle goes from the largest to the smallest in roof, floor and both sides; ingate cross-section shape has significant influence on ingate surrounding rock deformation, stress distribution and stress concentration degree, and has a nonlinear relationship with stress concentration factor. Moreover, the support structure of ingate has been optimal designed according to the results above.