中文摘要：

背景与目的：肿瘤微环境已成为现今的肿瘤研究热点,而其对大肠癌启动也有重要意义。建立大肠癌癌旁组织体外培养实验体系,观察距大肠癌病灶不同距离肠上皮组织体外生长特性,并对这些不同部位肿瘤组织微环境中主要的细胞组分进行检测,研究不同部位组织体外生长特性与细胞组分间可能的相关性。方法：在距离大肠癌病灶近端手术切除取最远端（大于等于10 cm）,癌旁（约2 cm）和二者中间位（约5 cm）分别取得组织样本,根据距病灶远近依次命名为1、2和3号位组织样本。通过重复贴壁法对组织块进行体外培养,观察组织的生长活性的差异。使用常规石蜡切片-HE染色方法和免疫组织化学检测3个部位中不同细胞组分标志物Cyclin D1（CD1）、CD133、细胞角蛋白（cytokeratin18,CK18）、波形蛋白（vimentin）和α平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-smooth muscle actin,α-SMA）的表达及分布情况。结果：在最靠近肿瘤病灶的3号位组织细胞生长活性最高,其爬出细胞量与速度均高于2号位和1号位,且3号位组织的生长活性与患者的肿瘤恶性分期相关。免疫组织化学检测结果表明,在1、2、3号位中,CD1、CD133、vimentin和α-SMA表达逐渐增高,而CK18表达逐渐降低。结论：在大肠癌变过程中,其组织结构和细胞组分发生了明显的变化,提示微环境的结构和成分改变可能促进肿瘤发生、发展。

英文摘要：

Background and purpose： Cancer microenvironment has become a hot topic of cancer research. It is important in the initiation of colorectal cancer. This study aimed to discuss the correlation between the characteristics of tissue culture in vitro and different cell types in cancer microenvironment. Methods： Samples were collected at different distances from the colorectal cancer lesions, which were named as positions 1, 2 and 3 from distal to proximal. Tissues were cut into 1-2 mm3 for in vitro culturing. HE staining was used to observe the structure of crypts. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of Cyclin D1 （CD1）, CD133, eytokeratinl8 （CK18）, vimentin and oL -smooth muscle actin （ a -SMA）. Results： Position 3 grew faster than position 2 and position 1. As getting closer to the colorectal cancer lesions, expressions of CD1, CD133, vimentin and α-SMA were increased while expression of CK18 was decreased. Conclusion： The tissue structure and the expression of different cell types in cancer microenvironment changed more seriously as get- ting closer to the colorectal cancer lesions. This indicated that the change of cancer microenvironment may contribute to the initiation of colorectal cancer.