中文摘要：

探讨大气混合污染物对呼吸道影响的机理，为预防大气污染对人体健康的损害提供理论依据。采用模拟现实大气污染方法，用Wistar大鼠制备大气污染物动物模型，对大鼠口咽部菌群进行定位、定性、定量研究。大气污染Wistar大鼠动物模型口咽部微生态发生改变（P〈005）。受污染后与污染前相比致病菌，如金黄色葡萄球菌、厌氧菌、死亡梭菌等检出率明显增高（P〈0．05）。染尘染毒前后自身比较，厌氧细菌菌群密度有明显增加（P〈0．05），随着染尘染毒时间的延长，细菌的密度呈上下波动，表现出代偿状态。且需氧菌密度的变化较为明显（P〈005）。大气污染可导致大鼠口咽部细菌密集度增高、致病菌增加以及细菌量的变化，呼吸道微生态改变可作为大气污染对机体危害的敏感指标。

英文摘要：

In order to explore the mechanism of respiratory tract affected by air mixed pollutants and provide theory basis to prevent the damage of human health caused by the pollutants, animal model of Wistar rat was made by poisoning with imitating real air pollution. Bacterial flora of its oral-pharynx was studied quantitatively, qualitatively, and orientationally. The results showed that microecology of oral-pharynx of the rat has been changed （P 〈 0.05）. And comparison of pathogen, such as Streptococcus aureus, anaerobic bacteria, and Clostridium rnortiferurn ere. examined after and before the pollution was apparently increased （P〈 0.05）. The density of anaerobic bacteria apparently increased （P〈0.05） by self-comparison after and before the pollution. With the time extension of the pollution, the density was fluctuated up and down and appeared compensation situation. And the density of aerobic bacteria changed evidently. Atmospheric pollution could lead to oral-pharynx bacteria density to increase, pathogen to increase, and the quantity of bacteria to change. Therefore, microecological changes of respiratory tract could be sensitive indexes of air pollution to the harm of organisms.