中文摘要：

月球微波亮温数据是研究月球表面物理性质的重要数据源。本文基于嫦娥二号微波辐射计37 GHz通道微波亮温数据,计算了亮温数据月球地方时,获取了月球一天中不同时间段的12幅月表微波亮温分布图。其中,月球白天亮温正异常区（＂热区＂）和月球夜晚点状亮温负异常区（＂冷点＂）是最为显著两类亮温单元。＂热区＂和＂冷点＂具有独特的亮温特征和昼夜变化规律：相对周围环境,＂热区＂在月球白天亮温明显偏高,夜晚亮温较低,＂冷点＂在月球夜晚亮温明显偏低,白天亮温略高;与同纬度地区相比,＂热区＂和＂冷点＂的升温和降温速率都较大。对比分析月表影像图、Ti O2含量、物理温度和石块含量数据,我们发现：＂热区＂对应月海区Ti O2含量较高,同纬度地区的亮温和Ti O2含量呈明显正相关,较高Ti O2含量是＂热区＂形成的主要因素;大部分＂冷点＂中心都对应着年轻辐射纹撞击坑,＂冷点＂中心夜晚物理温度和岩石含量较高,＂冷点＂地区亮温与其夜晚温度和石块含量呈负相关分布,较高的石块含量是＂冷点＂形成的主要因素。

英文摘要：

Compared with other remote observations, brightness temperatures（TB） derived from microwave emission measurements provide a unique means to characterize the physical properties of the lunar surface. Using CE-2 Microwave Radiometer Data, we produced 12 lunar surface TB maps of a diurnal cycle with each local time ranging ~ 2 hours. There are two types of remarkable features on the TB maps, one of which is ＂hot regions＂ during lunar daytime and the other is nighttime ＂cold spots＂. Compared with their surroundings, the ＂hot regions＂ are much warmer during lunar daytime and slightly colder during the lunar nighttime, while the ＂cold spots＂ are much colder during the lunar nighttime and slightly warmer during the daytime. Moreover, both of them have larger heating and cooling TB rates during the lunar daytime, especially during the periods after sunrise and before sunset. The ＂hot regions＂ have a good agreement with the Maria with extremely high Ti O2 abundance and TB in the lunar Maria highly correlates with their Ti O2 abundance. Most of the ＂cold spots＂ correspond with the very young craters and TB of the ＂cold spots＂ has a significant negative correlation with the lunar surface nighttime temperatures and rock abundances.