中文摘要：

寒带河流在春季往往会由于水力和热力因素的剧烈变化而引发冰盖溃决,国内俗称为＂武开河＂。这一现象会导致冰坝形成,造成巨大的自然灾害。通过冰盖断裂机理的力学分析,耦合热力对冰盖材料性质的影响,提出了一种开河判别方法。应用黄河河曲段实测原型资料进行验证分析,结果表明该准则判定结果与实际相符,是一种行之有效的判别准则。

英文摘要：

Rapid changes of river hydrodynamic conditions in cold regions can often lead to a mechanical breakup of river ice cover （known as ＂Wu Kai He＂ in Chinese） during winters or early springs.The formed ice jams and dams on rivers result in a great danger to the public,causing the rise in water level and ice flooding.In this study,the mechanism of mechanical breakup of river ice cover is investigated.The criterion for determining the mechanical breakup of river ice cover is proposed using a hydrothermal method.The criterion is validated using the field measurement from the Hequ reach of the Yellow River.The result shows that the ice breakup forecast using the criterion is in good agreement with the observation.