中文摘要：

为在冰盖子下面的激流中形成的粒状冰粒子的早期的运动的一系列实验在不同流动和边界条件下面在实验室被执行了。越过在不同的水深度的测量剖面图的流动速度上的大小被进行了。在盖住冰、开的流动条件下面把实验基于这些，稳固的边界的影响(例如冰盖子和斜槽 sidewall ) 在流动速度的分发上，侧面被讨论了。为在两个下面的粒子弄平的激流中形成的粒状冰的早期的运动的标准盖住，不平的论及的条件被调查了。冰盖子的粗糙的影响被估计了。关系在之间砍雷纳兹数字并且无尺寸砍为在冰盖子下面的激流中形成的粒状冰粒子的早期的运动的应力在冰下面与沉积粒子的早期的运动相比被建立了论及的状况。描述在之间的关系的一张图批评砍雷纳兹数字并且无尺寸砍为激流中形成的粒状冰粒子在下面的早期的运动的应力两个都变光滑盖住，不平的论及的条件被建立了。另外，它被发现那冰盖子的斜坡越陡峭，越 greater 批评砍为激流中形成的粒状冰粒子的早期的运动的应力变得。然而，越陡峭河床斜坡，越不批评砍为河沉积的早期的运动的应力。

英文摘要：

A series of experiments for the incipient motion of frazil particles under ice cover have been carried out in laboratory under different flow and boundary conditions. Measurements on flow velocities across the measuring cross-section at different water depths have been conducted. Based on these experiments under both ice-covered and open flow conditions, the impacts of solid boundary （such as ice cover and flume sidewall） on the distribution of flow velocity profiles have been discussed. The criteria for the incipient motion of frazil particles under both smooth covered and rough covered conditions have been investigated. The influence of the roughness of ice cover has been assessed. The relation between shear Reynolds number and dimensionless shear stress for incipient motion of frazil particles under ice cover have been established compared with the incipient motion of sediment particles under ice covered condition. A diagram describing the relationship between critical shear Reynolds number and dimensionless shear stress for incipient motion of frazil particle under both smooth covered and rough covered conditions has been established. Additionally, it is found that the steeper the slope of ice cover is, the greater the critical shear stress for incipient motion of frazil particles becomes. However, the steeper the riverbed slope, the less the critical shear stress for incipient motion of river sediment.