为了对离心泵快速开启过程的瞬态效应进行分析,根据动量矩定理分别推导转速稳定和不稳定时的离心式水泵基本方程式,给出了叶轮旋转加速和流体加速对性能影响的数学描述方程,为进一步理论分析和数值计算打下基础,并结合一台快速启动的混流泵进行实例分析.分析显示在启动初始阶段出现大附加扬程而在转速到达最大之后非稳态因素造成的扬程为负值,该过程表现出明显区别于稳态过程的瞬态效应.分析结果与实验基本相符合,该模型可以用来分析离心泵快速开启时的瞬态效应,并为进一步预测离心泵的启动瞬态水力性能打下了基础.
The basic equations of centrifugal pump on steady and unsteady process were educed based on theory of momentum and moment in order to analyze the transient hydrodynamic performance of centrifugal pump. The equations were used to describe the influence of accelerating rotation of impeller and accelerating motion of fluid on hydrodynamic performance. Evaluatior of the transient effect of a mixed flow pump during starting period showed that an obvious additional head appeared at the very beginning of the start, but the head produced by the unstable factors became negative value when rotational speed reached the maximal value. The analysis results were almost the same as experimental results, which indicated that the model is fit for analyzing the transient effect of centrifugal pump.