中文摘要：

以聚吡咯衍生的碳纳米管作为载体，通过原位沉淀-焙烧相结合，合成了新型的氧化镍／聚吡咯衍生碳纳米管（NiO／P—CNT）复合材料。采用粉末X射线衍射、热重、能谱、扫描电镜、透射电镜、循环伏安以及恒流充放电测试对样品进行表征和分析。结果表明，须状NiO均匀地负载在聚吡咯衍生的碳管表面，构成了具有三维网络结构的复合物。基于这种特殊结构的优势，该复合物在电流密度为2A／g下的比电容为382F／g，NiO在复合物中电容贡献为441F／g，而NiO的比电容为351F／g。经过400圈充放电后，复合物的比电容保持在90％以上，而NiO的容量保持率为82．6％。因此，该复合电极材料较NiO具有更高的比电容和更好的循环特性。

英文摘要：

New NiO/P-CNT composite was synthesized by in-situ precipitation-calcination method using PPy-derived carbon nanotubes as the support. The samples were characterized and analyzed by powder X-ray diffrac- tion （XRD）, thermogravimetric analysis （TG）, energy dispersive spectrum （EDS）, scanning electron micros- copy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/dis- charge. The results indicated that whisker-like NiO was loaded uniformly on the PPy-derived carbon nanotube surfaces to generate a composite having three-dimensional network structure. Based on the advantages of this special structure, specific capacitances of the composite reached 382F/g at current densities of 2A/g. NiO capacity contribution in the composite was 441F/g, whereas specific capacitance of NiO was 351F/g. A capacity retention of the composite was more than 90% after 400 charge/discharge cycles, which was 7.9% higher than that of pure NiO. Therefore, this composite had higher specific capacitance and better cycle performance than pure NiO.