中文摘要：

目的 调查战斗机飞行员疾病谱现状,为提高我军航空卫生保障水平提供科学依据.方法 采用多级分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取战斗机飞行员429人进行横断面调查,其中三代机组270人,二代机组159人,对其年龄、飞行时间、疾病种类等资料进行统计,分析战斗机飞行员疾病谱特点. 结果 战斗机飞行员常见疾病主要分布于肌肉骨骼系统、内分泌和代谢系统、消化系统、神经系统以及泌尿生殖系统.三代机飞行员疾病谱位于前3位的疾病为高脂血症（31.48％）、颈椎病（28.89％）、腰椎病（22.59％）;二代机飞行员疾病谱位于前3位的疾病为颈椎病（33.30％）、高脂血症（28.30％）、胃炎（20.10％）.三代机飞行员内分泌和代谢系统、肌肉骨骼系统疾病的患病率高于二代机飞行员,而消化系统疾病的患病率明显低于二代机飞行员（x2 =27.127,P＜0.01）. 结论 高脂血症、颈腰椎病是战斗机飞行员最常见的疾病,应从生活方式、训练方式等方面制定个体化干预措施,提高现代航空卫生保障水平.

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the disease spectrum of fighter pilots in order to provide reference for the aeromedical support.Methods By means of multistage stratified cluster random sampling method,data of 429 fighter pilots,including 270 3rd generation fighter pilots and 159 2nd generation fighter pilots,were selected and analyzed.The age distribution,flying hours and disease category were analyzed for getting the disease spectrum.Results The common disease categories of fighter pilots were mainly distributed to musculoskeletal system,endocrine and metabolic diseases,digestive system,neural system and genitourinary system.The top 3 diseases of spectrum of disease of the third generation fighter pilots were hyperlipidemia （31.48 %）,cervical diseases （28.89 %） and lumbar diseases （22.59 %）.The top 3 diseases of spectrum of disease of the second generation fighter pilots were cervical diseases （33.30%）,hyperlipidemia （28.30%） and gastroenteritis （20.10%）.The incidence of musculoskeletal system,endocrine and metabolic diseases of the third generation fighter pilots were higher than those of the second generation fighter pilots,but lower for digestive system （x2=27.127,P〈0.01）.Conclusions Hyperlipidemia and cervical lumbar diseases become the most common diseases in fighter pilots.Individualized interventions should be taken to advance the modern aeromedical support from all aspects of life style and training.