中文摘要：

半导体量子点作为新型高灵敏的荧光探针被广泛用于生物成像中。与传统可见光量子点相比，近红外量子点对深层组织和器官的检测具有更高的灵敏度和对比度，因而促进了活体动物实时荧光成像技术的发展并越来越受到人们的重视。总结介绍近红外量子点的光学特性及制备方法，及近红外量子点在活细胞标记、活体和组织成像包括淋巴结成像、血管造影与肿瘤定位等领域的研究进展及发展前景。

英文摘要：

As novel ultrasensitive optical probes, semiconductor quantum dots has been currently used in fluorescent imaging techniques. In comparison with visible quantum dots, near-infrared quantum dots holds great promise for real-time in vivo fluorescent imaging, due to its higher sensitivity and contrast for optical imaging of deep tissues and organs. This review describes the unique optical properties and synthesis of near-infrared quantum dots, and the recent advances in applications of near-infrared quantum dots in bioassay and imaging, which mainly include the development of quantum dots in imaging and targeting of live cellular tissues and tumors in vivo.