中文摘要：

在分析创新集群的构成与创新机制的基础上，从外部环境、构成主体等4个方面讨论了创新集群与产业集群的区别。以日本创新集群发展为例，分析创新集群的关键创新要素及作用机制，研究发现：在知识经济和经济区域化发展背景下，区域创新集群已成为促进区域产业升级与提升竞争力的核心力量；在创新集群发展中，领先企业的创新主导与示范作用突出，但又通过技术权力以技术锁定、标准控制等各种不同方式实施技术控制，影响中小型企业及其他研发机构发挥创新作用；在技术传播中，技术扩散、技术转移、技术溢出同时存在，在不同主体、不同阶段、不同空间尺度之间的途径与作用效果不同，畅通的技术通道保证了创新的共创共享；社会网络以社会文化、制度基础保障了各成员主体间经济学意义上最经济的创新合作与交流；创新平台构建了多要素、多功能、多层次的创新系统，体现了创新集群的整体创新优势。此外，行业协会也是创新集群形成与发展的重要基础。

英文摘要：

Based on analyzing the composition and innovation mechanisms of the innovation clusters, The pa- per discusses the distinction between the innovation clusters and industrial clusters. It analyses the key factors and innovation mechanisms of the innovation clusters, with a case of Japan innovation clusters. In the context of the knowledge economy and regionalization economy, the regional innovation clusters has become the key element to promote the upgrate of regional industrial and enhance the competitiveness. In the innovation cluster, the leading company is prominent in innovation and demonstration, but in order to protect the other R＆D institution members, especially the small and medium enterprises and other innovative roles, the impact of technical controls by the leader＇ s technical power with technology lock-in, standard control and other ways is also needed to be considered. The technology diffusion, technology transfer, technology spillovers worked together during the technology spreading, but they have different effect in different subjects, different stages and different spatial scales, and effective pathway promise the creating and sharing of the innovation between the different channels. Innovation platform build a multi- element, multi-function, multi-level innovation system which reflects the advantages of the cluster＇ s overall innovation. In addition, the trade associations are also very important in the development of innovative clusters.