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中文摘要：
过量施用畜禽粪便会导致磷在土壤中的累积。施用到土壤中的畜禽粪便磷通过淋洗径流等迁移途径进入水体导致水体污染。畜禽粪便中磷的化学组成决定了其环境影响，确定粪便中磷的化学组分是制定畜禽粪便管理的重要环节。目前已经有多种化学和生物学的方法应用于粪便磷组分的测定。本文综述了水提方法、物理化学分级方法、化学连续提取方法、酶水解方法以及核磁共振方法对畜禽粪便磷的分级，为畜禽粪便磷管理指标的选择提供了参考。
英文摘要：
The overuse of animal manure can result in phosphorus （P） accumulation in the soil. Phosphorus loss from soil amended with animal manure by leaching and run off greatly contributed to water eutrophication. The environment impact of manure P depended on P chemical form. Therefore, the key step to make the best management of animal manure is to fractionate manure P. A number of chemical and biological methods have been applied to carry out the P sequential fraction in animal manure. In this paper, many methods that have been used to characterize P forms were discussed, including water extractable P （WEP）, physicochemical fractionation, sequential chemical fractionation, enzymatic hydrolysis, nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR）, which provides reference for selection of index for manure management.
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