中文摘要：

微电极阵列记录技术提供了一种理想的神经电生理检测手段，可以同时获得大量神经细胞的电活动信息，对于深入研究大脑神经细胞及其网络的工作机制，开发新的神经修复技术具有重要的意义．近年来迅速发展的用于在体神经信号检测的微电极阵列主要有两种类型：Utah电极和Michigan电极．本文将介绍它们的制造工艺、结构、特点、应用进展，及其用于检测和分析神经细胞场电位和胞外动作电位的方法和原理；并且，分析和探讨微电极阵列在电极制造、信号记录和信号分析等方面亟待解决的一些问题和今后的发展方向，以促进我国在微电极阵列开发和应用领域的快速发展．

英文摘要：

The recording technique of microelectrode arrays provides an ideal means for obtaining the large amount of neuronal electric activity, simultaneously. The technique has significant impacts on the intensive investigations for the mechanisms of neurons and their networks,as well as on the development of novel neural prosthetic and therapeutic devices. Utah microelectrode and Michigan microelectrode are two major types of rapidly developed electrode arrays that have been used in neural signal detections in-vivo.In this paper, the manufacture,the structure,the feature and the application of both types of electrode are compared. The principles and methods for the detection and analysis of neural field potentials and unit activity by using the electrode arrays are described. In addition, the challenges and further development in electrode fabrication, in neural signal recording and in signal processing are discussed.