中文摘要：

建立乙腈-水-四氢呋喃三元梯度洗脱方法,利用HPLC-UV分离定量22种羰基化合物,并成功地分离了丙酮和丙烯醛.选取了2个采样点（工业区和商业区）对上海市大气中的羰基化合物进行了研究.结果表明,甲醛、乙醛、丙酮和2-丁酮（C1-C4羰基化合物）是上海市大气浓度较高的化合物,它们分别占羰基化合物总量的78.95%（工业区）和77.63%（商业区）.在工业区,甲醛、乙醛、丙酮和2-丁酮的平均浓度分别为10.36、15.32、9.95和4.56μg/m^3;在商业区,它们的平均浓度分别为10.00、10.04、7.80和2.81μg/m^3.工业区的C1-C4羰基化合物平均水平要高于商业区.羰基化合物总量亦是工业区（53.64μg/m^3）高于商业区（41.96μg/m^3）.羰基化合物的昼夜变化在工业区和商业区也比较一致,均是早高峰和晚上这2个时段的浓度很高,而其它时段较低.

英文摘要：

A ternary-mobile phase program with acetonitrile, water and tetrahydrofuran was developed to identify and quantify 22 earbonyl compounds species by HPLC-UV. The analytical method succeeded in separating aerolein from acetone. Two sampling sites （industrial district and business district） were chosen to study carbonyl compounds levels in ambient air of Shanghai. The results indicated that formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone and 2-butanone （C1-C4 carbonyl compounds） were the most abundant carbonyl compounds in ambient air of Shanghai. The four carhonyls together accounted for 78.95 % （ industrial district） and 77.63 % （ business district） of the total carbonyl compounds, respectively. In industrial distriet, the mean concentrations of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone and 2-butanone were 10.36, 15.32, 9.95 and 4.56μg/m^3 , respectively; in business district, their mean levels were 10.00, 10.04, 7.80 and 2.81 μg/m^ , respectively. So the mean levels of C1-C4 carbonyl compounds in industrial district were higher than in business district. The higher concentrations of the total earbonyls were also found in industrial district （53.64 μg/m^3 ） than in business district （41.96 μg/m^3 ）. A similar diel variation occurred to the two districts that higher carbonyl concentrations were shown in morning peak and nighttime than in other three periods.