中文摘要：

目的探讨经鼻给予神经生长因子（NGF）对沙林染毒大鼠脑组织梨状皮质区神经元的影响。方法建立大鼠沙林染毒模型，常规治疗后经鼻给予NGF或生理盐水，24h后采用HE染色和免疫组织化学染色观察梨状皮质区神经元的变化。结果与空白对照组相比，经鼻给予生理盐水的大鼠梨状皮质区可见较多变性、坏死的神经元，神经元数量[（404．75±25．17）个／mm^2]明显减少（39．44％）；而经鼻给予NGF组变性、坏死的神经元较少，神经元数量[（651．94±36．02）个／mm^2]减少不明显。结论经鼻给予NGF可以减轻沙林染毒大鼠梨状皮质区损伤程度。经鼻给予NGF有可能成为针对沙林所致脑损伤的有效治疗手段。

英文摘要：

Objective To study the effect of intranasal （IN） delivery of nerve growth factor （NGF） on pyriform cortex of sarin-poisoned rats. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with satin and atropine sulphate, pralidoxime to establish satin-poisoned rat model. Then NGF or saline was administered via the olfactory pathway. 24 hours later, damaged and residual healthy neurons were estimated and quantified on pyriform cortex using hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and neuronal nuclei antigen （NeuN） immunohistochemistry. Results A massive quantity of degenerating neurons were seen in the pyriform cortex of rats with intranasal saline. And compared to the normal rats, the number of neurons of rats with intranasal saline was significantly reduced by 39.44% [ （404.75 ± 25. 17）/mm^2]. But the number of neurons in rats with intranasal NGF [ （651.94±36.02）/mm^2 ]didn＇t change significantly compared to the normal rats. Conclusion Intranasal delivery of NGF, reducing the degenerating neurons on pyriform cortex of sarin-exposure rats, is a potential treatment for satin intoxication.