中文摘要：

在AMESim环境下建立了高压共轨喷油系统的数值仿真模型，通过试验对比证明了所建模型能够准确表征系统的喷射特性。基于数值摄动方法，得到了喷油过程中系统的状态矩阵，并对其进行了分析。通过系统状态矩阵的特征值分布，分析了高压共轨系统喷油过程中的稳定性及其影响因素。研究结果表明：系统状态矩阵的秩主要受电磁阀和针阀运动的影响；高压供油泵的脉动供油是影响系统喷油过程中系统稳定性的主导因素；压力波在系统内的传播、反射和叠加是喷油过程中系统处于非稳定状态的主要原因；喷油阶段针阀开启减弱了压力波反射，抑制了系统的振荡特性，增强了系统的稳定性；电磁阀球阀运动导致的强阻尼作用是系统稳定性的主要影响因素。

英文摘要：

The numerical model of common rail system was established in the AMESim environment. Compared the simulation analysis with the experimental results, it was concluded that the simulation model could precisely estimate the injection characteristics of the system. Based on the numerieal perturbation, the state matrixes of the injection process of the common rail system was acquired , and the system state matrix ranks were analyzed. Furthermore, through the eigenvalue distribution of the system state matrixes, the main factors affecting the stability of injection process of the common rail system were analyzed. The results show that the system state matrix ranks are influenced mainly by the movement of solenoid valve and needle, and the pulse fuel from high pressure pump is the dominant factor affecting the stability of the system. The propagation, reflection and superposition of pressure wave in the system are the main cause of the system＇s instability in the injection process. The needle opening weakens the pressure wave reflection and suppresses the oscillation characteristics of the system thus strengthening the stability of the system. While the strong damping effect caused by the movement of the ball valve fitted on the solenoid valve is the main factor affecting the stability of the system.