中文摘要：

Lon蛋白酶，也叫蛋白酶La，是一种同质寡聚环状的ATP依赖的蛋白酶，在古生菌、原核生物和真核生物中高度保守。Lon蛋白酶属于AAA＋超家族（与多种细胞活性相关的ATP酶）。自Lon蛋白酶被发现以来，许多研究表明Lon的蛋白酶活性对于维持细胞体内平衡、蛋白质量控制和代谢调控起着重要作用。该文综述了近年来Lon蛋白酶的研究进展，主要从Lon蛋白酶的结构和功能、与衰老和疾病的关系等方面进行了系统的阐述。

英文摘要：

Lon, also known as protease La, is a homo-oligomeric ring-shaped ATP-dependent protease which is highly conserved among archaea, prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Lon is a member of the superfamily of ATPase （AAA＋ ATPase） which is associated with diverse cellular activities. Since its first discovery, the Lon protease was found to play an important role in cellular homeostasis, mitochondrial protein quality control and metabolic regulation. In this review, we summarized recent advances in the studies of the ATP-dependent Lon protease. We focused on its structure, function in protein quality control, as well as its involvement in aging and diseases. Research achievements in model organisms will also be covered.