中文摘要：

冲击球压技术是基于赫兹接触理论发展起来的研究材料力学性能的新方法，尽管起步较晚，但是对材料力学性能特征和变化的研究是非常有效的。概述了近40年利用冲击球压技术分析材料局部损伤和评价材料弹塑性特征的理论和研究进展，重点阐述了利用冲击球压技术和赫兹接触理论评价材料恢复系数和动态硬度特征及变化的可行性、敏感性和精确性。结合研究现状对冲击球压技术中隐含的问题进行了划分，并展望了未来冲击球压技术的发展方向。

英文摘要：

Sphere impact technique, which derives from Hertzian contact theory, is a novel method of studying mechanical properties of materials and plays an important role in the research of mechanical properties of materials. In this paper, the development and application of sphere impact theory and investigation within forty years, for local damage and elasto-plasticity characteristics of materials are summarized. An emphasis is given to feasibility, sensitivity and accuracy for testing the characteristic and variety of resistance coefficient and dynamie hardness by sphere impact technique via Hertzian contact theory. Further, challenges implied sphere impact method was highlighted. Finally, the development trend of sphere impact technique is prospected.