中文摘要：

蛋白质组学已经成为生命科学研究中最为活跃的领域之一。研究蛋白质的生物功能,不但需要高通量地鉴定蛋白质,还需要定量分析动态变化的蛋白质,即定量蛋白质组学研究。蛋白质的定量研究有助于发现新的生物功能,并可以用于疾病的预警和药物靶点的发现。现有的定量蛋白质组学研究主要利用同位素标记结合生物质谱（电喷雾电离质谱ESI-MS,基质辅助激光解吸电离质谱MALDI-MS）技术而实现。近年来电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）作为ESI-MS和MALDI-MS的补充,越来越多地应用于蛋白质的定量分析,特别是蛋白质的绝对定量分析。ICP-MS是检测生物分子中痕量元素的理想工具,具有灵敏度高、动态范围广、不易受基体的影响等优点。本文将讨论基于ICP-MS的分析方法及其在蛋白质定量分析和免疫分析中的部分成功应用。

英文摘要：

Proteomics has become one of the most active fields in life sciences.The study of biological functions of proteins not only relies on high-throughput identification of proteins,but also on quantitative analysis of the dynamic proteins that is termed quantitative proteomics.Quantitative proteomics is anticipated to provide new insights into biological functions,facilitate the identification of prognostic disease markers and contribute to discovery of proteins as therapeutic targets.The available methods for quantitative proteomics are mainly based on the isotope tagging combined with biological mass spectrometry （such as electrospray ionization mass spectrometry （ESI-MS）,and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry （MALDI-MS））.Recently inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry （ICP-MS）,as an attractive complement to ESI-MS and MALDI-MS,has played an increasing role in protein quantification,especially in absolute protein quantification.ICP-MS is an ideal instrument for determination of trace elements in biomolecules because of its unique advantages,such as high sensitivity,wide dynamic range,and minimal matrix effects.This review will selectively discuss the recent advances of ICP-MS based techniques and their applications in protein quantification and immunoassay.