中文摘要：

在实验室条件下,评估了菌株Hyphomicrobium sp.MAP-1对甲胺磷、乙酰甲胺磷和水胺硫磷污染土壤的修复能力。革兰氏阴性菌MAP-1在土壤中能很好的定殖,以1×107CFU·g-1soil的浓度接种于土壤,15d后菌株浓度仅下降了1个数量级。土壤非灭菌状态下,30℃pH6.8,接种量为1×107CFU·g-1soil时,9d内可分别将土壤100mg·kg-1甲胺磷、100mg·kg-1乙酰甲胺磷完全降解,13d内将50mg·kg-1水胺硫磷完全降解。添加甲醇和加大接种量能促进土壤中三种有机磷农药降解,土壤是否处于淹水状态对其降解影响不大。在20～30℃之间,土壤中三种农药有比较好的去除效果。土壤投加菌株MAP-1,第10d可使100mg·kg-1甲胺磷和100mg·kg-1乙酰甲胺磷抑制的土壤脱氢酶、蔗糖酶和脲酶活性恢复至施农药前水平,对50mg·kg-1水胺硫磷抑制的这三种土壤酶活性也有较大的恢复作用。可见将菌株MAP-1应用于降低甲胺磷、乙酰甲胺磷和水胺硫磷对土壤的潜在风险是可接受的。

英文摘要：

The ability of bioremediation on contamined soil by methamidophos,acephate,and isocarbophos for Hyphomicrobium sp.MAP-1 was assessed under laboratory conditions.It was found that the gram-stain-negative strain MAP-1 could well colonizated in soil,and concentration of MAP-1 only decreased by one order of magnitude after 15 days,when inculating MAP-1 into soil at the inculum size of 1×107 CFU·g-1 soil.Under these conditions：non-sterilization soil,30 ℃ pH 6.8,the inculum size of 1×107 CFU·g-1 soil,the strain MAP-1 was able to completely respectively degradate 100 mg·kg-1 methamidophos and 100 mg·kg-1 acephate within 9 days,completely remove 50 mg·kg-1 isocarbophos within 13 days.The addiation of methanol or increase of inoculum of strain MAP-1 in soil,could accelerate the degradation of three organophosphorus pesticides.Whether the soil was flooded or not,no notable effect on degradation was found.Between 20 ℃ and 30 ℃,the strain MAP-1 could efficiently remove three organophosphorus pesticides from soil.Adding the strain MAP-1 to soil,in the tenth day,the actitivity of dehydrogenase,invertase,and urease,inhibitted by 100 mg·kg-1 methamidophos or 100 mg·kg-1 acephate was recovered to the lever without pesticide,oppressed by 50 mg·kg-1 isocarbophos was also restored to a great extent.As a result,it was feasible for applying the strain MAP-1 to reduce the potential risks on soil by methamidophos,acephate,and isocarbophos.