中文摘要：

从长期受染料污染的污泥中分离出一株能够对结晶紫降解脱色的菌株SJ-1。根据形态、生理生化和16S rRNA系统发育分析得出,SJ-1属于鞘氨醇单胞菌属（Sphingomonas sp.）。使用LB培养基,SJ-1对700 mg/L结晶紫的24 h降解率为78.16%。该菌株降解结晶紫的适宜温度为25~30℃,适宜p H值为6.0~8.0;通气量对SJ-1影响较小,在缺氧条件下也可较好地降解结晶紫,4 h时通气量较小试验组（装液量≥125 m L）降解率仍大于40%。SJ-1降解结晶紫的酶主要位于细胞外,属组成型表达酶。

英文摘要：

The aim of the paper is to lay the foundation to the degradation theory of triphenlmethane dye crystal violet by using the bacteria, and in turn to provide a guide for the application of a strain removing crystal＂ violet, which belongs to Sphingomonas sp. For the aforementioned purpose, we have made a systematic analysis of the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the strain while exploring the mechanism or function of the degrading crystal violet of the strain, which we have isolated from the soil contaminated by the dyes for years, and is thus named as SJ - 1. In this paper, we have identified Strain SJ - 1 as Sphingomonas sp. preliminarily according to our morphological observation, the physiological biochemical test, the comparison sequential order of 16S rRNA as well as the phylogenetic analysis result. As a result of our comprehensive investigation of the strain, we have discovered that it is possible to degrade efficiently Strain SJ - 1 to crystal violet by decolorizing 78.16% of 700 mg/L crystal violet during a period of 24 h in the medium of LB. Our experimental results show that the temperature needed to remove Strain SJ - 1 from the crystal violet is 25 - 30 ℃, with the suitable pH be- ing 6.0 - 8.0. What is more, in the aerobic condition, it is preferable to decolorize the crystal violet so as to get Strain SJ - 1, though it may have some effects on the degradation power of Strain SJ - 1 crystal violet in the anoxic condition, which can also be degraded efficiently in the anoxie conditions. However, it is surprised for us to find that the degradation rate of the crystal violet remains still over 40% in a period of 4 h for the experimental groups, whose liquid volume is only over 125 mL. Furthermore, the experiments with the cell location for enzyme and enzyme activity demonstrate that the enzyme for degrading the crystal violet in Stain SJ - 1 can mainly be found off the cell membrane as a kind of constituent enzyme. From what has been mentioned above it can be concluded that this stud