中文摘要：

人体内庞大的微生物群体对人体有着巨大的影响.越来越多的数据表明,肠道菌群与肥胖症、糖尿病等代谢性疾病的发生密切相关.食道菌群结构对研究胃肠道及整个消化系统菌群结构至关重要.针对10只2型糖尿病模型小鼠及10只正常对照小鼠食道样本,进行变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）和克隆测序分析食道菌群结构.结果发现,实验组小鼠与对照组小鼠食道菌群多样性指数与丰富度指数存在显著差异,均匀度指数无显著差异.说明正常小鼠较2型糖尿病小鼠食道菌群种类及数量较大,优势菌种类及相对含量相似.测序结果显示,正常小鼠食道内含乳杆菌属细菌,而患病小鼠食道内不含乳杆菌属细菌或含量极低.提示乳杆菌属细菌与2型糖尿病密切相关,实验结果对研究糖尿病发病机理及并发症治疗有重要意义.

英文摘要：

The microbial communities great affect human physiology.Increasing data showed that the intestinal flora were closely related to metabolic disease,such as obesity and diabetes.Study of esophageal flora is crucial for investigations on microbial communities in gastrointestinal tract of the whole digestive system.In this study,esophageal samples of 10 BKS-DB mice and 10 normal control mice were collected.Analyses using PCR-DGGE and cloning sequencing to study the bacterial communities were performed.Comparing the esophageal flora of the experimental and control groups,significant differences were found as shown in Shannon-Weaver diversity index and Margalef index but not in Pielou index,which suggested that the normal mice had a larger quantity of esophageal flora than that of the type 2 diabetes mice,despite of the dominant species and relative abundance were similar.The sequencing results showed that Lactobacillus existed in esophagus of normal control mice,but its population was extremely small in BKS-DB mice.We concluded that lactobacillus might have an intrinsic connection with type 2 diabetes,which may be of significance for the research of diabetes pathogenesis.