中文摘要：

基于有限元热分析方法，建立了不同形状的黑体空腔传感器模型，并对其腔体发射率进行求解，同时讨论了腔体开口、腔长、腔口与接收面之间的距离、材料自身的发射率等参数对腔体发射率的影响，通过对各种形状黑体空腔的发射率比较，得出最佳的黑体空腔设计方案。仿真结果表明，改变影响腔体几何结构的各参数时，黑体空腔腔体发射率也随之变化，当黑体空腔为圆台一圆台形，且腔体开口较小、腔体长度较长、腔口与接收面之间的距离较远、材料自身的发射率较大时，腔体发射率较高。

英文摘要：

Based on finite element thermal analysis method, the difform blackbody cavity sensor model was established, and the blackbody cavity emissivity was calculated. The factors that influenced the cavity emissivity, such as the aperture, the axis length of cavity, the distance between the aperture and the detector, the radius of detector surface and the material emissivity were analyzed. The optimal high temperature blackbody cavity sensor was designed by comparing the emissivity of blackbody cavity of different shapes. The simulation results show that the blackbody cavity emissivity is changed by different factors that influence the geometry shapes of cavity. A high cavity emissivity can be obtained when the structure of blackbody cavity is truncated cone-truncated cone, the aperture is small, the axis length of cavity is long, the distance between the aperture and the detector is far, and the material emissivity is big.