中文摘要：

共用X射线荧光（XRF）X射线衍射（PXRD）技术从整体上对河北道地药材——祁山药和市售山药的元素种类、含量及主要组分的微结构进行测定并对比分析。结果表明，祁山药比市售山药多Mg，Zn，Cr元素，少Cu，Al，Mn元素，且两组山药的元素含量也有所不同；两组山药中均含有淀粉，但市售山药为C＋V型淀粉结构，祁山药为B型结构，同时都含少量的一水草酸钙。这两种技术共用适于对山药的元素和微结构分析及产地的表征与鉴别。

英文摘要：

The contents of various elements in rhizoma dioscoreae were analyzed and compared with those of shishou D. opposita Thunb on the whole jointly by XRF and PXRD. The results showed that the element Cu, A1 and Mn could not be detected in rhi- zoma dioscoreae, but the element Mg, Zn and Cr were found, and other elements contents changed to different degrees; there are starch and whewellite in both groups, the crystal type of starches separated from rhizoma dioscoreae cultivars was a typical B-type pattern, but as C-type and V-type in shishou D. opposita Thunb, which is a mixture of A-type, B-type and V-type. The combination of two testing techniques could be applied to the mensuration and analysis of the elements and micro-structural of Dioscorea opposita Thunb which could be from different producing areas.