中文摘要：

原始阔叶红松林是我国温带典型的地带性顶极植被类型，枫桦次生林是其典型的次生林类型之一，对二者土壤呼吸及其各组分特征的研究有助于准确评价该地区的碳平衡。本研究主要测定了2013和2014年2个生长季原始阔叶红松林和枫桦次生林土壤呼吸（R S），并量化了土壤呼吸的各个组分（异养呼吸R H和自养呼吸R A），与此同时测量了土壤10cm处温度以及土壤含水率。研究结果表明，土壤呼吸及其各组分有着明显的季节变化特性，其大小的变化主要受温度的影响，土壤10cm处的温度可以解释R S64％～70％、R H56％-65％、R A77％～79％的变异。对于温度的敏感性，原始阔叶红松林土壤呼吸Q10值〉枫桦次生林土壤呼吸Q10值，而在单一林型中的比较，R A Q10值〉R S Q10值〉R H Q10值。此外，总体Q10值随着季节有着明显的变化，且随着温度的升高有降低的趋势。原始阔叶红松林和枫桦次生林R S年平均速率分别为3．92和4．06μmol·m-2·s-1，R H年平均速率分别为2．97和2．85μmol·m-2·s-1，R A年平均速率则分别为0．96和1．17μmol·m-2·s-1。原始阔叶红松林土壤呼吸以及土壤土壤自养呼吸要稍低于枫桦次生林，而原始阔叶红松林异养呼吸则高于枫桦次生林异养呼吸，但差异不显著。原始阔叶红松林和枫桦次生林B平均年通量分别为942和971gC·m-2·a-1，R H年通量分别为709和677gC·m-2·a-1，R A年通量则分别为215和276gC·m-2·a-1。原始阔叶红松林R S年通量略高于枫桦次生林月。年通量，但差异不显著。我们的实验结果表明，小兴安岭地区枫桦次生林正向演替的过程中，植被演替变化对土壤呼吸及各组分的影响并不明显，相较于环境因子温度和湿度要小的多。

英文摘要：

Primary broad-leaved Korean pine forest is a typical zonal climax vegetation type in the temperate zone of China. Betula costata secondary forest is one of its typical secondary forests. The study on soil respiration and the characteristics of the components of the primitive broad-leaved Korean pine forest and B. costata secondary forest will be helpful in gaining insight into Xiaoxing＇ an Mountains spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of carbon source and sink as well as its main influence factors. The final end is to accurately evaluate the carbon balance of this region. We tested the soil respiration （Rs ） of Primary broad-leaved Korean pine forest and B. costata secondary forest in 2013 and 2014, adopted procedure of quantization in the test of soil respiration components （heterotrophic respiration RH, autotrophic respiration RA ）, and surveyed the soil temperature and soil moisture at 10 cm of the soil. The soil respiration and its main components feature obvious seasonal variation, which is mainly influenced by temperature, The temperature at the depth of 10 cm of the soil can explain the variation of Rs of 64% - 70%, RH of 56% - 65%, and RA of 77% -79%. As for the temperature sensitivity, primary broad-leaved Korean pine forest＇s Q10 value of soil respiration 〉 B. costata secondary forest Q10 value of soil respiration. While in the comparison of a single forest, Q10 of RA 〉 Q10 of Rs 〉 Q10 of RH. The general Q10 value presents obvious seasonal changes and the value decreases with the rise in temperature. The average soil respiration of Rs of the primitive broad-leaved Korean pine forest and the B. costata secondary forest are 3.92 and 4.06 μmol · m-2 · s-1, respectively, the average soil respiration of RH are 2.97 and 2.85 μmol· m-2 · s -1, respectively, while the average soil respiration of RA are 0.96 and 1.17 μmol· m-2 · s -1, respectively. The average annual flux of Rs of the primitive broad- leaved Korean pine forest and the B. costata secondary forest are 942 a