中文摘要：

长期铅暴露可对人体多个器官和系统造成损伤，其神经毒性效应尤为突出。在相同的铅暴露水平下，因遗传易感性的个体差异，不同人群的铅中毒损伤程度和临床症状不尽相同。该差异可能与8-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶（Deha-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase，ALAD）、维生素D受体（Vitamin Dreceptor，VDR）、N-甲基D-天冬氨酸受体（N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor，NMDAR）及多巴胺受体D2（Dopamine receptorD2，DRD2）等基因多态性有关。该文回顾近年来国内外铅神经毒性相关基因多态性的研究，对铅的神经毒性、相关基因多态性与铅神经毒性的关系进行综述。

英文摘要：

Long-term lead exposure is hazardous to muhiple organs and systems, especially the nervous system. The population who suffered the same dose of lead exposure presented different clinical symptoms. The lead-induced injure may due to individual heredital~~ susceptibility which probably related to polymorphism of deha-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase （ALAD） gene, vitamin D receptor（VDR） gene, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor（NMDAR） gene or dopamine D2 receptor（DRD2） gene, etc. In this paper, the neurotoxicity of lead was reviewed and the relationship between lead neurotoxicity and polymorphism was summarized.