中文摘要：

为研究气液两相流体通过破口泄漏时的相分离规律,设计了新型泄漏测量装置,在空气-水两相流实验环道上开展了实验研究。实验测量段水平布置,管径为40mm,采用直径为2.5mm的圆孔模拟破口。实验中出现的气液两相流流型包括波状流、环状流以及弹状流。结果发现气液两相流体通过管壁破口时会发生严重的相分离现象,相分离程度主要受小孔方位、流型等因素的影响。在环状流型下,由于周向液膜分布的不均匀性,随着小孔位置偏离管壁底部,进入小孔的液相逐渐减少,气相逐渐增多;在分层的波状流型下,当破口位于管壁顶部时,在小孔两侧差压较大时由于伯奴利效应,液相也会进入破口;由于弹状流独特的流动特性,在液塞来临时,破口两侧压力急剧增加,从而导致弹状流型下进入管壁破口的液相远大于其它流型。

英文摘要：

In order to study the phase splitting characteristic of the gas-liquid two-phase mixture leaking out from a small break on the pipe wall, a special leaking experimental device was set up, and with an air-water two-phase flow loop, the experiments studying the phase splitting of leakage leaking through the break were carried out. The pipe with diameter of 40 mm was used for the experiments and a hole of 2.5 mm was used to simulate the break. The flow patterns used for the experiments are wave flow, annular f...