中文摘要：

目的调查妇产科患者手术后医院感染发生情况，探讨其危险因素和相关对策，以制定相应的护理措施控制与降低医院感染的发生率。方法采用回顾性调查方法，对医院2012年1月-2013年1月的2358例妇产科手术患者（妇科1502例、产科956例）进行手术后医院感染的调查、统计和分析。结果2358例妇产科手术患者术后发生医院感染129例，感染率5．47％；其中妇科患者医院感染率为7．12％、产科患者为2．30％；常见感染部位妇科患者依次为呼吸道、泌尿道、胃肠道，分别占52．34％、24．30％、13．08％，产科患者主要以呼吸道、泌尿道感染为主，各占36．36％；妇科病房中高龄、化疗患者是医院感染的高危人群，且住院时间越长感染率越高，妊娠合并并发症的患者是产科的高危人群。结论密切监测高龄患者、减少侵入性操作、严格无菌操作、加强病房管理、基础护理和健康教育，可降低妇产科患者医院感染的发生。

英文摘要：

OBJECTIVE To analyze the incidence of nosocomial infections in patients after operation in obstetrics and gynecology, and to explore the risk factors of hospital infections and countermeasures, in order to make the corresponding nursing measures to control and reduce the incidence of hospital infections. METHODS The clinical data of 2358 patients with obstetrics and gynecological operation in our hospital from Jan 2012 to Jan 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS Among 2358 patients with operation, the hospital infections occurred in 129 cases, with the infection rate 7. 12%. The nosocomial infection rate of gynecological patients was 7. 12%, and that of obstetrics patients was 2. 30%. The common infection sites in gynecological patients were respiratory tract, urinary tract and gastrointestinal tract, accounting for 52.34 %, 24.30 %, 13.08 % respectively, while those of obstetrics patients were respiratory tract and urinary tract, accounting for 36. 36% respectively. In gynecological ward elderly patients and chemotherapy patients were high risk population of nosocomial infections, and the longer the length of stay time was, the higher infection rate was. In obstetric ward patients with pregnancy complications were high risk population. CONCLUSION Close monitoring of elderly patients, reduceing the invasive operation, strict aseptic operation, strengthening ward management, basic nursing and health education can reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.