中文摘要：

粒径谱表示的是生物量或者生物数量与粒径大小关系的曲线,能够反映生态系统结构和功能以及系统内部的动态联系,是当前水生生态学研究的热点。综述了鱼类粒径谱的理论、研究方法及影响因子等,重点介绍了鱼类粒径谱在鱼类生产量评估,开展生态系统监测,以及预测各种人类活动对生态系统的影响等方面的研究进展。针对目前研究中所存在的不足与问题,提出了新观测和采样技术的应用以及基于粒径谱评估鱼类生物量的通用理论模式研发等是今后鱼类粒径谱研究的趋势。

英文摘要：

Particle size spectrum is a kind of curve graph that represents the relationship between biomass and particle size. It can reflect the structure and function of the ecosystem and its dynamic connection inside the system,which is currently becoming a hotspot issue of the aquatic ecology. At present,the research on fish particle size spectrum in our country is quite little,but there are more researches in this field and more advanced theory and methods in foreign country,which can provide worthy reference for domestic scholars. In this paper,a large number of fish particle size spectrum research literatures and the development of recent years were summarized. The paper introduced theoretical principles,research methods,influence factors and application of particle size spectrum,which referred to fish production and biomass assessment,ecological monitoring,reflection on the characteristics of fish community and ecosystem structure and function,and the prediction of human activities and natural disturbance impact on marine ecosystem. Fishing intensity,marine productivity level, the level of nutrition, fish community habitat environment, fish community species competition and compensation efficiency,seasonal changes and the types of fishing gears and meshes are main factors affecting the fish particle size spectrum. Most of the current fish particle size spectrum theory studies were based on the investigation of marine ecological processes,and many theoretical predictions of the linear slope of normalized biomass particle size spectra as-1. The slope,intercept and regression coefficient respectively affected the characteristics of fish community. The slope represented the relationship between the biomass and the size. The intercept represented the magnitude of productivity level. The regression coefficient indicated the degree of community deviation from the steady state. It also brought some new problems needed to solve in the future： firstly,compared with fresh biomass particle size spectra,why did the marine biom