中文摘要：

人工合成的羟基磷灰石（hydroxyapatite，HA）与人体硬组织的无机相成分相似，并具有良好的生物相容性、骨传导性和骨诱导性，在骨组织工程领域得到了广泛的应用及研究。在HA的制备过程中，晶体的成核作用、生长习性、表面形貌以及尺寸受到诸多因素的影响，从而导致HA的微结构变化多样。HA的微结构对材料的宏观理化性能及生物力学特性有着重要作用，近年来微结构调控成为HA材料研究中的热点。综述了制备方法、合成工艺参数、离子取代及有机物模板等对HA微结构的调控及研究动向。

英文摘要：

Synthetic hydroxyapatite （HA） has a chemical similarity to the inorganic component of nature bone. Due to the excellent biocompatibility, osteoconduction and osteoinduction, HA has received great attention of researchers and has been widely used in bone tissue engineering. During the synthesis processing, there are various factors that effect on the nucleation, crystal growth, morphology and crystal size of HA, resulting in prepared HA with different microstructure. As the microstructure has a great influence on the physical, chemical and biomechanical properties of HA, microstructure regulation for HA has become a hot research area in recent years. This review briefly addresses recent progresses of HA microstructure regulation in processing method, synthesis parameters, ion replace and organics template. The existing problems and research trends are objectively pointed out as well.