中文摘要：

目的重点总结近几年出现的新型纳米粒载体在药物或基因传递中的应用。方法分析、归纳、总结国内外相关文献，对新型的纳米粒载体如纳米脂质卷、病毒样纳米粒、水凝胶纳米粒、金纳米壳、碳纳米材料、量子点和树状大分子等的特征、体内外性质以及在药学中的应用进行阐述。结果与结论纳米粒具有特殊的理化性质，可以增加药物稳定性，提高药物生物利用度，具有靶向、缓控释作用等。有望成为药物递送、靶向、诊断和基因转染等的理想载体。

英文摘要：

OBJECTIVE To summary the application of new types of nanoparticles carriers emerged in recent years in drug or gene delivery. METHODS By sorting, analyzing and summarizing domestic and foreign literatures, the characteristics, in vivo and in vitro properties and the applications in pharmacy of novel nanoparticles carriers such as nano cochleates, virus-like particles, hydro- gel nanoparticles, gold nanoshells, carbon nanomaterials, quantum dots and dendrimers were reviewed and elaborated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Nanoparticles possess special physical and chemical properties which could improve the stability and bioavail- ability of drugs and have a targeting and sustained release effect.