中文摘要：

目的：利用乳鼠视网膜细胞条件分化液将骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）分化为视网膜神经节样细胞,比较BMSCs、诱导后的视网膜神经节样细胞以及原代培养的视网膜神经节细胞（RGCs）的电生理特性。方法：取传至第3代的大鼠BMSCs,利用乳鼠视网膜细胞条件分化液作为诱导剂,进行增殖培养、分化诱导;免疫组织化学法观察NF、MAP2和Nestin的表达,免疫荧光法检测Thy1.1的表达,膜片钳技术检测BMSCs、诱导后的视网膜神经节样细胞以及原代培养的RGCs的电生理特性。结果：加入乳鼠视网膜细胞条件分化液第7天有神经元样细胞形成,经Nestin、NF、MAP2和Thy1.1免疫组织化学鉴定,细胞呈阳性反应。在大鼠BMSCs上记录到对TTX敏感的钠电流、延迟整流钾电流和L-型电压依赖型钙电流。诱导后的视网膜神经节样细胞中,离子电流幅值均有所增加,接近于原代培养的RGCs,但均未达到其电流幅值。结论：BMSCs在体外培养条件下,经过新生乳鼠视网膜细胞条件分化液诱导,可以分化为视网膜神经节样细胞,且分化后的视网膜神经节样细胞具有类似原代培养的RGCs的电生理特性。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the appearance of the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells（BMSCs） into retinal ganglion-like（RG-like） cells by the conditioned differentiation medium of rat retinal cells and to compare the electrophysiological characteristics of BMSCs,RG-like cells after induction and retinal ganglion cells（RGCs）.Methods The BMSCs from adult rat at the 3rd generation were selected.They were cultivated and induced by the conditioned differentiation medium of retinal cells.The expressions of NF,MAP2 and nestin were observed by immunohistochemistry method.The expression of Thy1.1 was detected by immunoflurorescence method.The electrophysiological properties of three kinds of cells were observed by patch-clamp.Results On the 7th day after adding the conditioned differentiation medium of rat retinal cells,the neural cell modality-like cells appeared,and some cells expressed positively after stained by nestin,NF,MAP2 and Thy1.1 immunohistochemistry method.Three types of currents were found,including tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium current（Ina-TTX）,delayed rectifier K＋ current（IKDR） and L-type Ca2＋ current（Ica-L） in BMSCs.The intensities of three types of currents were increased in the induced RG-like cells and approached to the inherent RGCs,but the current amplitude didn＇t reach that of RGCs.Conclusion BMSCs can be induced into RG-like cells by the conditioned differentiation medium of rat retinal cells and three types of currents are found in RGlike cells,which shows the same electrophysiological characteristics as the RGCs.