中文摘要：

液滴荷电可增强其对颗粒物的吸附能力,有效提高其除尘效率.建立了荷电单液滴吸附颗粒物的试验系统,采用高速摄像技术结合显微放大图像处理技术对颗粒物的运动特性进行了可视化研究,捕捉了荷电液滴在吸附过程中颗粒物的运动轨迹.通过分析颗粒物在静电力、质量力以及黏性力等作用下的运动特性,发现颗粒物的粒径是影响其运动的主要因素.结果表明：荷电液滴比未荷电液滴更易于吸附颗粒物;颗粒物在到达液滴表面后无法克服液滴的表面张力能,会黏附在液滴表面;部分颗粒物及其微团在飞向荷电液滴的运动过程中会出现奇特的排斥飞散现象;粘黏沉积及排斥飞散现象都会影响荷电液滴捕集颗粒物的效率.

英文摘要：

The charged droplets can improve the particle adsorption ability and particle removal efficiency. The adsorption mechanism of particles was established on a single charged droplet experiment system. Using high speed camera and microscopic amplification technology,the motion characteristics of a single charged droplet scavenging particles were investigated. The motion characteristics of particles under the combined actions of electrostatic force,mass force and viscous force were analyzed. The results show that the adsorption ability of charged droplets is better than that of uncharged droplets. The particles can’t overcome surface tension of droplet and deposit on the droplet surface. When particles and particle aggregates fly to charged droplet,parts of them occur scattering phenomenon. The scattering phenomenon and the deposit phenomenon affect the collecting efficiency of charged droplet.