中文摘要：

利用全球海洋—大气快速耦合模式（Fast Ocean-Atmosphere Model,FOAM）,采用模式中的初值方法,研究了湾流区海温再现过程及其对北半球大气环流和气候的影响。FOAM模式很好地模拟了北大西洋湾流区的海温＂再现＂过程,模式中海面热通量异常与SST异常表现出不同步的响应特征。海面热通量异常在初冬季节达到最大值,而SST异常滞后,在冬季晚期达到最大值,从而在初冬和晚冬对北半球大气环流造成不同的影响。初冬季节北半球大气环流主要受海洋热通量异常的强迫,在北大西洋和北太平洋上空呈现相当正压的异常低压槽响应,北极地区为异常高压脊,类似北极涛动的负位相,可能造成欧洲南部和北非大陆气温偏高,亚洲大陆气温偏低。而晚冬季节北半球大气环流主要受SST异常的驱动,在北大西洋和北太平洋上空表现为相当正压的异常高压脊响应,北极地区为异常低压槽,类似北极涛动的正位相,可能造成欧洲南部和北非大陆气温偏低,亚洲大陆气温偏高,中国东部降水异常偏多30%左右。北太平洋大气环流的异常由北大西洋湾流区海洋热通量和SST异常强迫下游大气环流所激发,进一步通过Rossby驻波的能量频散东传至北太平洋而造成的。

英文摘要：

By using a global fast ocean-atmosphere coupled model（FOAM） and its initial value method,the paper studied the process of anomalous oceanic temperature reemergence over the Gulf Stream region in North Atlantic and its impact on atmospheric general circulation and climate variability.FOAM well simulates the oceanic temperature reemergence process in the Gulf Stream.The sea surface heat flux and SST anomalies are not synchronized and peak at different times in the model.The heat flux anomaly peaks in early winter,while SST anomaly peaks in mid-late winter.The difference exerts different influences on atmospheric general circulation in early and mid-later winter.In early winter,atmospheric general circulation anomalies present anomalous barotropic troughs over the North Atlantic and the North Pacific respectively,and anomalous barotropic ridges over the Arctic region,which is similar to negative phase of Arctic Oscillation（AO） forced by the surface oceanic heat flux anomaly,causing anomalous warming in the South Europe and the North Africa and anomalous cooling in the Asia.In late winter,atmospheric general circulation anomalies display anomalous barotropic ridges over the North Atlantic and the North Pacific respectively,and anomalous barotropic troughs over the Arctic region,which is similar to positive phase of AO forced by SST anomaly,causing anomalous cooling in the South Europe and the North Africa and anomalous warming in the Asia.In addition,precipitation increases by 30 percent in East China.Atmospheric general circulation anomalies over the north Pacific are propagated by stationary Rossby Wave flux from the North Atlantic,where atmospheric circulation anomalies are primarily forced by surface heat flux and SST anomalies in the Gulf Stream.