中文摘要：

HBV在多种因素影响下发生基因变异，以实现自身生存的目的。基因变异赋予HBV自身某些生物学特征的同时，也给临床表现、诊断、预后和防治等方面带来一系列新的问题。HBV不同基因区段变异的频率和类型不同，其临床意义也不同。本文就HBV基因变异的最新研究进展与临床意义加以阐述。

英文摘要：

To attain survival, HBV gene variation is prone to occur because of various factors. HBV gene variation not only endows itself with some biological features, but also leads to a series of new challenges in many aspects, including clinical manifestation , diagnosis, prognosis and prevention, etc. The incidence and type of different variation of gene encoding domains in HBV genome may result in diverse clinical significance. The review concerns the latest research progress in HBV gene variation and clinical significance.