中文摘要：

科技资源作为国家最重要的战略资源，其配置效率的高低直接关系到区域经济的可持续发展。根据科技资源配置效率的内涵和结构，利用全国31个省市区1998—2010年的相关数据，在构建区域科技资源配置效率评价指标体系的基础上，对各个区域的科技资源配置效率进行测度。运用比较优势原理，采用NRCA模型，计算区域各科技资源要素配置效率的相对比较优势。结果表明：历年来各区域整体的科技资源配置效率都有所提升，但空间差异的分布格局变化不大，区域科技人力资源、财力资源、信息资源配置效率的比较优势是影响区域科技资源配置效率的直接原因。

英文摘要：

Science and technology resources as the most important strategic resource, its allocation efficiency is directly related to the sustainable development of regional economy. The article according to the allocation efficiency of science and technology resources connotation and structure, using 31 province urban districts of countrywide 1998 -2010 years of relevant data, in the construction of regional science and technology resource allocation efficiency based on the evaluation index system of regional science and technology re- sources, allocation efficiency measure. The article use comparative advantage theory and the NRCA model, calculation of regional science and technology resource allocation efficiency of the relative comparative advantage. The results showed that： over the years, the regional science and technology resource allocation efficiency has improved, but the spatial distribution pattern change is not big, the regional science and technology human resources, financial resources, information resources allocation efficiency and comparative advantage is the effect of regional science and technology resource allocation efficiency of direct cause.