中文摘要：

为了研究大气压下绝缘沿面闪络机理,研制了一套直流和脉冲电压下绝缘沿面闪络试验系统。由于沿面闪络是ns时间分辨的动态变化过程,为了使测量的暂态信号是由沿面闪络本身产生,此系统经过特殊设计,主要包括：放电室和同轴电缆采用同轴几何结构连接,阻抗匹配;电源和同轴电缆阻抗匹配。该系统放电室内外导体半径为3.6 cm和8.3 cm,施加的直流电压为±80 kV,施加的脉冲电压幅值为460 kV,上升时间为36 ns。研制的试验系统能满足4 cm间隙沿面闪络试验要求。

英文摘要：

To study the mechanism of dielectric surface flashover under atmospheric pressure, an experimental apparatus for dielectric surface flashover under DC and pulsed voltage was designed. Because the surface flashover is a nanosecond-scale dynamical process, the experimental apparatus was specially designed to ensure that the measured transient signals are generated by the flashover itself. The discharging chamber is connected with coaxial cable via coaxial geometry with matched impedance, and the impedance of the power supply is matched with that of the coaxial cable. The radii of inner and outer conductors are 3.6 cm and 8.3 cm, respectively. The applied DC voltage is ＋80 kV, and the amplitude of the applied pulsed voltage is 460 kV with a rise time of 36 ns. This experimental apparatus meets the requirements for the test of surface flashover across 4 cm gap.