中文摘要：

目前流注放电过程的相关研究主要是针对氮气和空气流注放电过程进行的数值模拟研究。实际的输变电工程间隙的空气中不可避免含有一定量水分子,为研究湿度对空气中的流注放电过程的影响,采用流体模型仿真了干燥空气和分别含80 Pa、400 Pa、1 867 Pa水蒸气的空气的双向流注传播过程,光电离作为源项加在流体模型上。水蒸气对光电离的影响主要有2方面：一是吸收函数;二是发射光强。仿真结果表明：不同空气湿度下正、负流注头部电子数密度均为1.6×10^14 cm^-3和0.7×10^14 cm^-3,平均传播速度均约为1.5×10^8 cm/s,流注头部半径约为0.4 mm;不同空气湿度下,若光电离强度均达到1021 cm^-3·s^-1量级能够提供足够多的种子电子,则湿度对流注传播特性影响不大,其主要原因是不同湿度下的电子输运系数和反应系数差别很小。

英文摘要：

Up to now most works on streamer discharge focused on simulations of streamer in nitrogen and air. However, for actual air gaps in transmission and converting equipments, water vapor is unavoidably included. In order to investigate the influence of humidity on streamer propagation, we simulated double headed streamers of dry air, air with 80 Pa, 400 Pa and 1 867 Pa water vapor using fluid model, in which photoionization was taken into account through a source term added to the model. The effect of humidity on photoionization includes the absorption function and the emission intensity. The simulation shows that for all the simulated gases, the electron densities of positive and negative streamer heads are 1.6×10^14 cm^-3and 0.7×10^14 cm^-3 respectively, the average propagation velocity is 1.5×10^8 cm/s, and the radius of streamer head is about 0.4 mm. Moreover, if the photoionization intensity such as attaining 10^21 cm^-3·s^-1 level is large enough to provide sufficient seed electrons, the influence of humidity on streamer propagation is negligible, since the electron transport coefficients and reaction coefficients barely vary at variable humidity.