中文摘要：

为了研究煤矿外排固体废物的污染特征及其潜在生态危害,采用6种不同pH值的浸提剂对贵州4个煤矿区的煤矸石、煤泥和原煤进行了振荡浸提试验,探讨了浸出液的pH、EC和Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd6种重金属含量随浸提剂pH值的变化规律。结果表明,随着浸提剂的pH值逐渐升高,浸出液的pH值也逐渐升高,其EC逐渐下降,当pH值大于4.0以后逐步趋于稳定;所有重金属在强酸性环境中浸出量较大,并随pH值的增大呈下降趋势,浸出液中Fe、Mn的浓度普遍较高。3类样品中,煤矸石在酸性条件下其重金属的潜在浸出能力强,环境污染风险大。

英文摘要：

To investigate the pollution characteristics and potential ecological risk,oscillating and leaching experiments were employed to coal gangue,coal slurry and raw coal which were collected from four coal mines under six extractants of different pH values,and variations of pH,EC,the contents of six heavy metals（Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd）of the extractions were discussed as pH values of extractants were changed.The results showed that as the pH values of extraction gradually increase the pH values of extractions increased gradually,otherwise,the EC values decreased gradually and stabilize when pH values were more than 4.0.The contents of all the six metals of extractions were very high under strong acidic conditions,decrease as pH values increased and the contents of Fe,Mn were generally high.Among the three samples,the coal gangues had the strongest potential ability to release heavy metals under acidic conditions and had more hazardous pollution to environmental.