在旅游发展新常态形势下,旅游非优区成为了实现全域旅游发展的一块“短板”。基于旅游发展基础力、旅游空间拓展力和旅游可持续发展能力3大维度10大具体量化指标构建了旅游非优区量化测评指标体系,并运用因子分析法对西部地区12个省份进行了旅游发展优劣程度量化测评,判定出西部地区旅游非优区的范围。研究表明:(1)西部地区12个省份旅游业发展优势度分为旅游发展强优势区、旅游发展一般优势区和旅游发展非优区三种类型;四川、内蒙古和广西属于旅游发展强优势区,陕西、云南、新疆、甘肃和重庆属于旅游发展一般优势区,贵州、青海、宁夏及西藏属于旅游发展非优区。(2)在西部地区各省区旅游业发展优势度水平层级的空间布局方面,旅游发展强优势区省区呈现“零散状”,旅游发展一般优势区的省区分布呈“连片状”发展布局形态,旅游发展非优区的空间布局呈现局部“趋同俱乐部现象”,整体“零散状”空间布局特征。(3)西部地区旅游非优区评定结果发展层级呈现明显的区际差异,发展类型结构出现不合理和类型的数量结构不均衡,高层级发展类型数量尚未达到理想目标。
In the new normal situation of tourism development, tourism non-optimal area has become a “short board’’to realize the development of global tourism. Based on the basic development of tourism, the development of tourism space and the ability of tourism sustainable development, 10 quantitative evaluation in-dex system of tourism non-optimal area was constructed, and the tourism development of 12 provinces in the western region was carried out by factor analysis, thus the degree of assessment of the pros and cons of the western region to determine the scope of tourism non-optimal area. The research demonstrates that(1)The development dominance of tourism in 12 provinces in the western region is divided into three types: tourism development strong area,tourism development general area and non-optimal tourism development area; Sichuan,Inner Mongolia and Guangxi belong to the tourism development strong area,Shaanxi Yunnan,Xin-jiang ,Gansu and Chongqing belong to the general advantage of tourism development. Guizhou, Qinghai, Ningxia and Tibet belong to the non-optimal area of tourism development.(2)ln the spatial distribution of the level of tourism development in the western provinces, the provinces and autonomous regions of the tourism development zone are‘‘ scattered”,the layout form in general optimal provinces which the tourism development are in connection with one another, and tourism development of non-optimal geographical layout reveals the loca^'convergence of the club phenomenon’, featuring the overall '' scattered’ spatial layout characteristics.(3) The development level of the non-optimal area of tourism in the western region shows obvious regional differ-ences,the development type structure is unreasonable and the quantity structure is not balanced,and the number of high-level development types has not yet reached the ideal target.