中文摘要：

削减与替代SF6气体成为电力开关领域研究人员为应对全球气候变化所担负的历史使命。发展高电压等级真空开断技术是削减与替代SF6气体的有效手段。文中从真空绝缘、大电流真空分断,操动机构与分、合闸曲线控制技术,额定电流的提升4个方面阐述了高电压等级真空开断的关键技术。介绍了高电压等级真空断路器在国内外的应用与运行情况。并从8个方面展望了高电压等级真空开断技术发展的前景,包括采用陶瓷外壳真空灭弧室及多重屏蔽罩结构、额定电流提升技术、真空灭弧室外部采用SF6替代气体绝缘、新型操动机构技术、气体绝缘封闭“真空”组合电器、液氮绝缘封闭“超导”组合电器、新型高压直流断路器和超特高压真空断路器。

英文摘要：

It is a historical mission for researchers in the field of power switching to reduce or replace the usage of SF6 gas, which is a contribution to the global climate change. An effective way to reduce or replace the usage of SF6 gas in the field of power switching is to develop high voltage level switching technology in vacuum. First, this paper reviewed four key technologies for high voltage level switching in vacuum, which include high voltage vacuum insulation, high current interruption, operating mechanism and control technology of displacement curve, and enhancement of nominal rated current. Second, it introduced the application and operation of high voltage level vacuum switchgear in China and in the world. Third, this review includes the prospects of high voltage level vacuum switching technology. It prospected the development of high voltage vacuum breaker technology from eight aspects, which included vacuum interrupter with ceramic envelope and multi-floating shields, enhancement of nominal rated current, SF6 alternative gas for external vacuum interrupter insulation, new operating mechanism, gas insulated ＂vacuum＂ switchgear, liquid nitrogen insulated ＂superconducting＂ switchgear, new DC circuit breakers and ultra high voltage vacuum circuit breakers.