中文摘要：

胰升血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）是肠道因进食而分泌的促胰岛素分泌肽,最早发现的胰升血糖素样肽-1是其受体（GLP-1R）激动剂.GLP-1R及GLP-1在神经系统都有广泛的表达.多项体内与体外实验证明GLP-1R可以促进神经细胞的存活,并且GLP-1及其类似物有营养保护神经等多种生理作用.GLP-1R及其激动剂在外周神经系统功能的多样性具体为周围神经保护作用、通过周围神经调节血糖、影响食欲、调节周围神经兴奋性等.GLP-1R激动剂可能会成为一种新型神经保护药物,它对周围神经的保护作用可以用于糖尿病周围神经病变（DPN）等周围神经变性疾病的治疗.

英文摘要：

The glucagon-like peptide-1 （GLP-1） found at the earliest was the GLP-1R agonists. It is secreted by intestine during eating, can promote insulin secretion. GLP-1R and GLP-1 have abundant expressions in the nervous system. Experiments in vitro and in vivo have proved that GLP-1R can prolong the nerve cells~ lifetime, and GLP-1 has nourishing and protecting functions for nerve. The functional diversity of GLP-1R and its agonists for peripheral nerve include protecting peripheral nerve, adjusting its excitement, regulating blood glucose, and affecting appetite through peripheral nerve. GLR-1R agonists will probably become a drug used for protecting nervous system. Its protective action for peripheral nerve can be adopted in the treatment of peripheral neuropathv, such as diabetic peripheral neuroDathv.