中文摘要：

流感是一种全球性的传染性疾病，每年造成数十万人的死亡。而流感新亚型的出现，则可能造成流感大爆发，后果更严重。抗流感药物对于流感的预防和治疗具有重要作用，尤其是神经氨酸酶抑制剂对甲、乙型流感病毒均有效，且具有很好的安全性和耐受性，因此在临床中得到广泛应用，但同时也出现了一些耐药性报道。本文介绍了扎那米韦、奥塞米韦和帕拉米韦等抗流感神经氨酸酶抑制剂对于流感的预防和治疗作用、耐药性及其机制，以及国内研发和使用现状，以期促进新型抗流感药物的研发。

英文摘要：

Influenza is a global contagious disease, which causes hundreds of thousands of people deaths. And new subtype of influenza may cause pandemic influenza, and lead to more serious consequence. Drugs for anti-influenza have played very important roles in influenza treatment and prevention, especially neuraminidase inhibitors are effective on both influenza A and B which have more safety and tolerance, therefore they have been widely used for influenza treatment. However, several viral drug-resistant cases have been reported. In this paper, the clinic therapy, prevention and drug resistance of neuraminidase inhibitors, including zanamivir, oseltamivir and peramivir, and progress in the research and development in our country are presented in order to promote research and development of new drugs for influenza treatment and prevention.