中文摘要：

采取常规根尖压片法对4种新疆猪毛菜属植物的染色体数目和核型进行了分析。结果表明，长柱猪毛菜体细胞染色体数为18，核型公式为：2n=2x=18m，属1A核型；紫翅猪毛菜体细胞染色体数为18，核型公式为：2n=2x=16m＋2sm，属2A核型；短柱猪毛菜体细胞染色体数为18，核型公式为：2n=2x：16m＋2sm，属2A核型；钝叶猪毛菜体细胞染色体数为54，核型公式为：2n=6x=48m＋6sm，属2A核型。除钝叶猪毛菜为六倍体外，其他3种均为二倍体。根据ВочаицевВП．基于形态学特征建立的分组系统，这4种猪毛菜均属于梯翅蓬组，为演化地位较高的类群，而核型分析结果表明，长柱猪毛菜核型上更接近于较原始的类群，紫翅猪毛菜、短柱猪毛菜和钝叶猪毛菜核型地位与所属组的演化地位相符。

英文摘要：

Using the common （slice making） method,the chromosome numbers and karyotypes of four Salsola L. species from Xinjiang have been studied. The results show that the chromosome number and karyotype formulae of these four species are： S. sukaczevii （Botsch）A. J. Li 2 n = 2x =18m,1A type; S. affinis C. A. Mey. 2n = 2x =16m＋2sm,2A type; S. lanata Pall. 2 n = 2x =16m＋2sm,2A type; S. heptapotamica Iljin 2 n = 6x =48m＋6sm,2A type. S. heptapotamica is a hexaploid and other three species are all diploid. According to the section system of ВочаицевВП. based on the morphological charac- teristics,these four species belong to an advanced section, Sect. Climacoptera. while karyotypes results showed that S. sukaczevii is a relatively primitive species. The results of cytological analysis of other three speices are consistent with the morphological results.