中文摘要：

为了研究油动单旋翼植保无人机在精准作业参数（速度、高度）条件下的雾滴飘移分布特性,该文建立了雾滴飘移收集测试平台,分别用雾滴飘移测试框架、等动量雾滴收集装置和培养皿收集3WQF80-10型油动单旋翼植保无人机在作业时空中及地面飘移的雾滴。将测试结果分别与侧风风速、飞行高度、飞行速度进行相关分析和回归分析,结果表明：在平均温度31.5℃、平均相对湿度34.1%的条件下,侧风风速为雾滴飘移的主要影响因素;侧风风速与等动量雾滴收集器和培养皿测得的雾滴飘移率呈正相关（相关系数r分别为0.97、0.93）;而与雾滴飘移测试框架测得的雾滴飘移率无相关性;侧风风速为0.76~5.5 m/s时,90%飘移雾滴沉降在喷雾区域下风向水平距离9.3~14.5 m的范围内,因此在作业时要预留至少15 m以上缓冲区（安全区）以避免药液飘移产生的危害。研究结果可为低空低量植保无人机施药技术研究和建立植保无人机低空低量施药田间雾滴沉积与飘移测试标准提供参考。

英文摘要：

In recent years, the unmanned aircraft application techniques and equipments are rapidly developing in China. In order to evaluate spray drift characteristics and to find out the buffer areas of pesticide drift during aerial spraying by 3WQF80-10 unmanned aerial vehicle（UAV）, spray tests were conducted using UAV at different working height and velocity in wheat field（114°39′E、36°15′N）. Three measurement methods were used to test the sediment and airborne spray drift distribution of UAV in Anyang city, Henan, Province, respectively. Various collectors were used, including petri dishes, rotary impactors and 2-mm diameter polythene lines. A spatial spray deposition sampling frame（5 m by 5 m by 2 m） with such lines was made to collect droplets of UAV pesticide application from downwind direction. Five petri dishes were put at 1, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 m away from the frame on the ground according to ISO 22866 standard and 5 rotary impactors were set at 20 m to collect spatial fine droplets. Beidou navigation satellite system was used for controlling and recording the working height and velocity of UAV, ZENO-3200 meteorological station system was used to monitor wind speed of flight direction, as well as humidity and temperature. Brilliant sulphoflavine（BSF） solution with 0.1% concentration was used to spray wheat fields and the deposit of spraying droplets were analyzed by fluorescence spectrophotometer to study the drift distribution characteristics of droplet deposition. Drift potential index（DIX） was used to evaluate droplet drift on the spray drift sampling frame, cumulative spray drift was used to evaluate spray drift of petri dishes and application rate of spray drift was used to evaluate the rotary impactor method. The results showed that the influence of wind speed on spray drift was greater than flight height and flight velocity of UAV under the condition of the average temperature 31.5 ℃ and average relative humidity 34.1%. Wind speed was positively correlated with the application