中文摘要：

标签成本和隐私安全是制约RFID技术在物联网中得到广泛应用的主要因素．因此，设计隐私安全且标签生产成本低的RFID认证协议是学术界和工业界共同追求的目标．针对这一目标，利用只需要实现伪随机数发生器的标签构造了简单的RFID认证协议SFP，并在标准模型下证明了SFP协议具有前向隐私安全性．为了说明在保证前向隐私的条件下SFP协议的标签生产成本低，证明了标签具有产生伪随机数的能力是保证RFID前向隐私的必要条件．因此，与现有RFID协议相比较，SFP协议不但计算和通信效率高，而且同时保证了前向隐私安全和低标签生产成本，实现了RFID技术低标签成本和高隐私安全的结合．

英文摘要：

Tag cost and privacy of RFID technology are two main factors that determine whether it will be applied to Internet of Things on a large scale. Recently, RFID industry and research community have focused on RFID authentication protocols with provable privacy and low tag cost. In this paper, we firstly construct a simple RFID authentication protocol SFP using tags on- ly equipped with pseudorandom generator. Secondly, we have proven that SFP is forward private in the standard model. Finally, we provide a comparatively rigorous proof of the necessary condi- tion （i. e. each tag is able to generate pseudorandom numbers） to guarantee RFID forward priva- cy. In this sense, the tag of SFP protocol will be produced with low cost. Compared with cur- rently existing RFID protocols, SFP not only is efficient in both computation and communication but also guarantees both forward privacy and low tag cost. Hence, protocol SFP has realized the integration of low tag cost and high security of RFID technology.