中文摘要：

第五产生的宾夕法尼亚州的 University/NCAR Mesoscale ModelVersion 3 (MM5V3 ) 被用来在 1999 年 6 月在长江盆上模仿极端重降雨事件。模型极端气候事件上的水平、垂直的决定的效果详细被调查。原则上，模型能描绘每月重的降水的空间分发。结果显示水平分辨率的增加能减少建模的大雨的偏爱并且相当在学习时期期间模仿每日的降水的变化。导致的一个更好的垂直决定显然与更小的偏爱改进降雨模拟，并且因此，更好解决重降雨事件。在水平、垂直的分辨率的 Theincrease 能生产重降雨事件的更好的预言。在不同水平、垂直的格子间距的情况中改变的不仅降雨模拟，而且另外的气象学的领域在模型以决定变化表明了多样的变化。在模仿的海平面气压的明显的改进源于水平分辨率的增加，但是模拟对垂直格子间距感觉迟钝。垂直分辨率的增加能在底层提高地面温度以及大气循环的模拟，当在中间、上面的层次的循环的模拟在改变分辨率上被发现是少得多依赖时。另外，积云 parameterization 计划显示出高敏感到水平分辨率。Differentconvective 计划关于改变分辨率在降雨模拟展出了大差异。在 Grell 计划的对流降水的百分比与增加水平分辨率增加了。相反， Kain-Pritsch 计划引起了对流降水的减少的比率总计相应于增加水平分辨率的降雨累积。

英文摘要：

The fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University/NCAR Mesoscale Model Version 3 （MM5V3） was used to simulate extreme heavy rainfall events over the Yangtze River Basin in June 1999. The effects of model＇s horizontal and vertical resolution on the extreme climate events were investigated in detail. In principle, the model was able to characterize the spatial distribution of monthly heavy precipitation. The results indicated that the increase in horizontal resolution could reduce the bias of the modeled heavy rain and reasonably simulate the change of daily precipitation during the study period. A finer vertical resolution led to obviously improve rainfall simulations with smaller biases, and hence, better resolve heavy rainfall events. The increase in both horizontal and vertical resolution could produce better predictions of heavy rainfall events. Not only the rainfall simulation altered in the cases of different horizontal and vertical grid spacing, but also other meteorological fields demonstrated diverse variations in terms of resolution change in the model. An evident improvement in the simulated sea level pressure resulted from the increase of horizontal resolution, but the simulation was insensitive to vertical grid spacing. The increase in vertical resolution could enhance the simulation of surface temperature as well as atmospheric circulation at low levels, while the simulation of circulation at middle and upper levels were found to be much less dependent on changing resolution. In addition, cumulus parameterization schemes showed high sensitivity to horizontal resolution. Different convective schemes exhibited large discrepancies in rainfall simulations with regards to changing resolution. The percentage of convective precipitation in the Grell scheme increased with increasing horizontal resolution. In contrast, the Kain-Fritsch scheme caused a reduced ratio of convective precipitation to total rainfall accumulations corresponding to increasing horizontal resolution.